(12) In a number of NENA languages the fresh new preterite away from Category II verbs provides a vocalism (m)CoCiC- or (m)CuCiC- which has no forerunner in the previous languages. Noldeke (1868, 213) advised that progressive function is pertaining to the latest Hebrew pual. Examples: Aradhin mbusille ‘he cooked’ (Krotkoff 1982, 136), Tkhuma mso:re:li ‘I began’, Jilu +poltele ‘he got they out’ (Fox 1992, 54). Models with o otherwise u are missing external NENA and now have in lot of of the NENA languages: Hertevin, Sanandaj Religious, and you can Halabja: Halabja bqirraxun ‘you https://datingranking.net/fr/sites-sugar-daddy/ (pl.) asked’, Hertevin bqerre ‘he asked’ (Jastrow 1988, 206).
(13) All round expose is actually noted from the good prefix in every NENA except Hertevin along with Mandaic plus Turoyo. The fresh prefix takes one of around three versions: (a) k- towards the all verbs (cutting-edge in order to c- for the Urmi, longer so you’re able to ko- ahead of consonants from inside the Turoyo, and in Zakho getting g- before a voiced phoneme); (b) k- but merely toward a restricted category of verbs (with voicing absorption and frequently other change as well); otherwise (c) i- towards all of the verbs.
Examples: (a) Zakho k-xaze ‘he sees’, g-emir ‘he says’ (Meehan and you can Alon 1979, 182), Urmi csader ‘he sends’ (Hetzron 1969, 115), Turoyo kohoze ‘he sees’, Tisqopa ksaqIl ‘he takes’ (Rubba, personal telecommunications); (b) Halabja k-ImrIx-wa ‘we create say’, however, doqIx-wa-le ‘we perform to see it’, Azerbaijan k-xil ‘he consumes, commonly eat’, however, sate ‘he beverages, will, can get drink’ (Garbell 1965, 66, 67); (c) Aradhin i-zare:los angeles ‘he tills it’ (Krotkoff 1982, 70), Jilu i-napli baro ‘they chase her’ (Fox 1992, 55).
The brand new k- prefix appears to be an emergency of prefix qa- off BT, such as this new common qatane ‘he teaches’. age ‘stands’. In a number of east dialects the shipment from k- happens to be limited by a little family of verbs (Garbell 1965, 65). In other people, it’s got vanished and you may become changed of the a unique prefix we-, hence probably got its start given that a lower life expectancy particular we[Theta] ‘there is’.
Examples: Halabja geznawa ta knista ‘I goes to the fresh synagogue’, Aradhin tla t-sapri ‘to wait’, Jilu zIlli l-yawa zuze tla da kIcca ‘I went along to offer money to help you a great girl’, Tisqopa [Theta]e:li ta di-mbaslan ‘I (fem
(14) The latest verb ‘give’ was yehav when you look at the BT, and yav for the Syriac. It has been remade in all NENA dialects from incorporation of the after the l- ‘to’. Brand new vital, which had been hav inside Syriac and you can BT, are hal (Noldeke 1868, 256) in all NENA wherein You will find pointers, not inside Turoyo otherwise Mandaic.
(15) In all NENA, the only one crucial away from qyama ‘get up’ has shed the last m: Aradhin qu (Krotkoff 1982, 145), Sanandaj Religious qu (Panoussi, 110). The brand new plural, but not, retains brand new meters.
(16) In all NENA, the latest essential away from (i)zala ‘go’ is irregular: Aradhin quand (Krotkoff 1982, 147), Sanandaj Religious state (Panoussi 119), Jilu se, Jewish Azerbaijani lorsque (Garbell 1965, 285).
(17) All over NENA, several different terms and conditions are used while the base for reflexive pronouns particularly ‘myself’. He could be: ruh- inside the Hertevin and also in Turoyo, nos- on around three easternmost Jewish dialects, and you will gyan- throughout the remaining languages: Hertevin ruhan ‘ourselves’ (Jastrow 1988, 197), Zakho qtala gyane ‘beating himself’ (Meehan and you can Alon 1982, 181), Halabja nosan ‘ourselves’.
Which qa- are alone a good contraction off qa?
(18) A different preposition meaning ‘to’ or ‘for’ which takes the design ta, tla, or tla is extensive, regardless of if maybe not universal, within the NENA, but not utilized in Mandaic otherwise Turoyo. ) found cook’ (Rubba, private interaction), Zakho cuxa la psIxle darga tale ‘no you to definitely unsealed the door so you’re able to him’ (Meehan and you can Alon 1979, 182).